Multiplication of Decimals with Whole Numbers

Multiplication of Decimals with Whole Numbers

When multiplying decimals by whole numbers, ignore the decimal point at first and multiply as if the numbers are whole numbers. After multiplying, place the decimal point in the answer.

Steps:

  1. Ignore the decimal point and multiply.
  2. Count the number of decimal places.
  3. Place the decimal point correctly in the final answer.

Example 1.30(a)

3.563 × 14

Solution:

Ignore the decimal point and multiply:
3563 × 14 = 49 882

There are 3 decimal places in 3.563.
Place the decimal point accordingly: 49.882

Example 1.30(b)

44.25 × 3.2

Solution:

Ignore the decimal points and multiply:
4425 × 32 = 141 600

Total decimal places = 3.
Place the decimal point: 141.6

Example 1.31(a)

15.6 ÷ 6

Solution:

Divide 15.6 by 6:
156 ÷ 6 = 26

Place the decimal point in the answer: 2.6

Example 1.31(b)

30.78 ÷ 2.28

Solution:

Make the divisor a whole number by multiplying both numbers by 100:
30.78 ÷ 2.28 = 3078 ÷ 228

Divide:
3078 ÷ 228 = 13.5

Exercise 1.13

Exercise 1.13

1. Solve

(a) 4.96 × 5
496 × 5 = 2480 → place 2 decimal places → 24.8
(b) 0.564 × 11
564 × 11 = 6204 → place 3 decimal places → 6.204
(c) 56.92 × 46
5692 × 46 = 261832 → place 2 decimals → 2618.32
(d) 0.064 × 27
64 × 27 = 1728 → place 3 decimal places → 1.728

2. Evaluate

(a) 27.12 ÷ 6
2712 ÷ 6 = 452 → place 2 decimals → 4.52
(b) 2.304 ÷ 9
2304 ÷ 9 = 256 → place 3 decimals → 0.256
(c) 13.574 ÷ 11
13574 ÷ 11 = 1234 → place 3 decimals → 1.234
(d) 62.58 ÷ 7
6258 ÷ 7 = 894 → place 2 decimals → 8.94

3. Word Problems

3. A car travels 367.80 km in 6 hours. How much distance will it travel in 1 hour?
367.80 ÷ 6 = 61.3 km
4. The daily consumption of milk in a house is 3.25 litres. How much milk will be consumed in 30 days?
3.25 × 30 = 97.5 litres
5. The length of a rope is 7.96 metres. If the rope is cut into 5 equal pieces, what is the length of one piece?
7.96 ÷ 5 = 1.592 metres